https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=447 Termos de indexação fr 0 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=292 Ces dernières années, les sciences sociales ont perfectionné la compréhension du handicap en dépassant le déterminisme biomédical, pour l’expliquer comme une construction sociale découlant de la relation entre le corps et son environnement. Cela s’est produit dans le domaine des études sur le handicap (disability studies), dans le cadre du paradigme connu sous le nom de modèle social, dont la conception centrale soutient que l’ordre capitaliste impose des barrières à la diversité corporelle. Avant le modèle social, la pensée sociologique d’Erving Goffman a contribué à la réflexion sur l’interaction et le corps dans les situations sociales quotidiennes. Je considère que la théorie de Goffman, bien que classique et nécessitant quelques ajustements aux hypothèses critiques du modèle social, favorise avant tout une évaluation du handicap du point de vue de l’interaction. J’utilise la méthode du cadrage ou de l’analyse du cadre (frame analysis), basée sur mon expérience en tant que professionnel de l’évaluation du handicap et de la recherche sur les études critiques du handicap, et j’essaie d’étudier la possibilité d’utiliser la théorie de Goffman pour caractériser le handicap d’un point de vue biopsychosocial. J’analyse de manière critique les concepts d’interaction en face à face, de façade, de coprésence, d’expression corporelle, d’implication, de stigmatisation et d’impropriété situationnelle, qui, ensemble, peuvent fournir un arsenal analytique aux professionnels pour analyser la relation dynamique entre les corps, les différences et les contextes dans l’acte d’évaluation, en dialogue avec le modèle social. In recent years, the social sciences have perfected their understanding of disability by going beyond biomedical determinism to explain it as a social construct arising from the relationship between the body and its environment. This has happened in the field of disability studies, within the paradigm known as the social model, whose central conception holds that the capitalist order imposes barriers to bodily diversity. Prior to the social model, the sociological thought of Erving Goffman contributed to thinking about interaction and the body in everyday social situations. I consider that Goffman's theory, although classic and requiring some adjustments to the critical assumptions of the social model, favours above all an assessment of disability from the point of view of interaction. I use the method of framing or frame analysis, based on my experience as a professional in disability assessment and research into critical disability studies, and I try to explore the possibility of using Goffman's theory to characterise disability from a biopsychosocial point of view. I critically analyse the concepts of face-to-face interaction, façade, co-presence, bodily expression, involvement, stigmatization, and situational inappropriateness, which together can provide an analytical arsenal for professionals to analyse the dynamic relationship between bodies, differences, and contexts in the act of assessment, in dialogue with the social model. mar., 09 janv. 2024 13:35:08 +0100 jeu., 25 sept. 2025 17:22:45 +0200 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=292 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=218 Nos últimos anos, as ciências sociais consolidaram uma compreensão da deficiência, superando o determinismo biomédico, ao explicá-la como construção social surgida da relação entre corpo e os ambientes. Deu-se no campo dos estudos da deficiência (disability studies), no paradigma denominado modelo social, cuja concepção central defende que o ordenamento capitalista impõe barreiras à diversidade corporal. Antes do modelo social, o pensamento sociológico de Erving Goffman contribuiu com elaborações seminais sobre interação e corpo em situações sociais cotidianas. Proponho que a teoria de Goffman, embora clássica e necessária de alguns ajustes aos pressupostos críticos do modelo social, favorece sobretudo uma avaliação da deficiência na perspectiva orientada pela ordem da interação. Utilizo-me do método do enquadramento ou análise de quadros (frame analysis), a partir da experiência enquanto profissional que avalia a deficiência e pesquisa os estudos críticos da deficiência, e busco investigar o potencial de uso da teoria goffmaniana para caracterizar a deficiência na perspectiva biopsicossocial. Analisei criticamente os conceitos de interação face a face, fachada, copresença, expressão corporal, envolvimento, estigmatização e impropriedade situacional que, conjuntamente, podem fornecer um arsenal analítico a profissionais para analisarem a relação dinâmica entre corpos, diferenças e contextos no ato avaliativo, em diálogo com o modelo social. En los últimos años, las ciencias sociales han consolidado una comprensión de la discapacidad que supera el determinismo biomédico al explicarla como una construcción social que surge de la relación entre el cuerpo y los entornos. Esto ha tenido lugar en el campo de los estudios sobre discapacidad, dentro del paradigma conocido como modelo social, cuya concepción central sostiene que el orden capitalista impone barreras a la diversidad corporal. Antes del modelo social, el pensamiento sociológico de Erving Goffman aportó elaboraciones fundamentales sobre la interacción y el cuerpo en situaciones sociales cotidianas. En este trabajo sostengo que la teoría de Goffman, aunque clásica y necesitada de algunos ajustes a los supuestos críticos del modelo social, propicia especialmente una evaluación de la discapacidad desde la perspectiva de la interacción. Utilizo el método del análisis de marcos, basado en mi experiencia como profesional que evalúa la discapacidad e investiga los estudios críticos sobre discapacidad, e intento investigar el potencial de utilizar la teoría goffmaniana para caracterizar la discapacidad desde una perspectiva biopsicosocial. Analicé críticamente los conceptos de interacción cara a cara, fachada, copresencia, expresión corporal, implicación, estigmatización e impropiedad situacional, que juntos pueden proporcionar un arsenal analítico para que los profesionales analicen la relación dinámica entre cuerpos, diferencias y contextos en el acto evaluativo, en diálogo con el modelo social. In recent years, the social sciences have perfected their understanding of disability by going beyond biomedical determinism to explain it as a social construct arising from the relationship between the body and its environment. This has happened in the field of disability studies, within the paradigm known as the social model, whose central conception holds that the capitalist order imposes barriers to bodily diversity. Prior to the social model, the sociological thought of Erving Goffman contributed to thinking about interaction and the body in everyday social situations. I consider that Goffman's theory, although classic and requiring some adjustments to the critical assumptions of the social model, favours above all an assessment of disability from the point of view of interaction. I use the method of framing or frame analysis, based on my experience as a professional in disability assessment and research into critical disability studies, and I try to explore the possibility of using Goffman's theory to characterise disability from a biopsychosocial point of view. I critically analyse the concepts of face-to-face interaction, façade, co-presence, bodily expression, involvement, stigmatization, and situational inappropriateness, which together can provide an analytical arsenal for professionals to analyse the dynamic relationship between bodies, differences, and contexts in the act of assessment, in dialogue with the social model. mar., 19 déc. 2023 10:26:07 +0100 jeu., 25 sept. 2025 17:20:16 +0200 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=218