https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=95 Numéros fr lun., 04 déc. 2023 16:15:00 +0100 ven., 14 mars 2025 12:07:35 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=95 0 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=133 lun., 11 déc. 2023 11:51:08 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=133 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=138 lun., 11 déc. 2023 11:53:45 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=138 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=140 Les évènements décrits dans cet article ont eu lieu dans un centre de jour de la ville de Córdoba, en Argentine, où j’ai recueilli des données pour mon mémoire de maîtrise en anthropologie à l’Université Nationale de Córdoba. J’y ai étudié la coexistence entre les professionnels et les personnes ayant une déficience intellectuelle, en analysant les limites qui leur sont imposées, notamment celles qui sont érotico-sexuelles. J’ai examiné comment l’adultodentrisme interagit avec la déficience intellectuelle à la lumière des travaux du sociologue Claudio Duarte Quapper. S’ancrant au sein d’une société où coexistent diverses formes de domination et de contrôle, l’adultocentrisme est un système de domination qui se combine à d’autres régimes d’oppression comme le patriarcat, le racisme et le capacitisme. Plus précisément, c’est l’effet de l’infantilisation qui nous intéresse. Car, bien que la population étudiée ait entre 30 à 75 ans, âge qui est considéré comme adulte selon la loi argentine n° 26.579, ces personnes n’ont pas accès aux mêmes choix et libertés que les autres adultes : elles ne choisissent pas comment s’habiller, elles ne sont pas autorisées à sortir seules ou à avoir des partenaires, etc. Ainsi, il est évident que derrière la production sociale du handicap se cache une construction de l’âge adulte qui, en tant que système symbolique universel de domination, produit une place subalterne, occupée par des personnes qui ne sont pas considérées comme des adultes. The events described in this article took place in a day centre in the city of Córdoba, Argentina, where I collected data for my master's thesis in anthropology at the National University of Córdoba. I studied the coexistence between professionals and people with intellectual disabilities, analysing the limits imposed on them, particularly erotic-sexual limits. I examined how adultcentrism interacts with intellectual disability in the light of the work of sociologist Claudio Duarte Quapper. Anchored in a society where various forms of domination and control coexist, adultcentrism is a system of domination that combines with other oppressive regimes such as patriarchy, racism, and ableism. More specifically, it is the effect of infantilisation that interests us. Although the population studied is aged between 30 and 75, which is considered an adult according to Argentine law no. 26.579, these people do not have access to the same choices and freedoms as other adults: they do not choose how to dress, they are not allowed to go out alone or to have partners, and so on. So, it is clear that behind the social production of disability lies a construction of adulthood which, as a universal symbolic system of domination, produces a subaltern place, occupied by people who are not considered adults. lun., 11 déc. 2023 12:01:07 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=140 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=145 A pesar de los progresos realizados en materia de acceso al empleo en Canadá, muchas barreras siguen limitando las oportunidades de empleo de las personas con discapacidad. Entre ellas, las actitudes y prácticas de los empleadores constituyen una barrera difícil de superar, ampliamente documentada desde la perspectiva de los propios empleadores (Burke et al., 2013). En cambio, este estudio se centra en las experiencias de las personas con discapacidad para explorar su trayectoria a través del proceso de contratación. En concreto, esta investigación pretende comprender los retos a los que se enfrentan tras solicitar un empleo e identificar las formas en que los afrontan. Las entrevistas con 22 ciudadanos de Nueva Brunswick revelan las etapas del proceso de contratación: (1) la preselección, (2) las entrevistas/pruebas de selección y (3) la decisión final. Los datos también sugieren que en la segunda fase surgen tres cuestiones fundamentales: la revelación de la discapacidad, la actitud del empresario y la adaptación. A continuación, los análisis destacan las estrategias desplegadas por los participantes para sortear estas cuestiones. El debate aborda la revelación de la discapacidad como una salida del armario, así como el mandato de ser extraordinario y la lógica de la autocompensación que pesa sobre las personas con discapacidad. Despite the progress made in terms of access to employment in Canada, many barriers continue to limit employment opportunities for people with disabilities. Among them, the attitudes and practices of employers constitute a formidable barrier, widely documented from the perspective of employers themselves (Burke et al., 2013). In contrast, this study focuses on the experiences of people with disabilities in order to explore their trajectory through the hiring process. In particular, this research aims to understand the challenges they face after applying for a job and to identify the ways in which they deal with them. Interviews with 22 New Brunswickers reveal the stages in the hiring process: (1) preselection, (2) interviews/recruitment tests, and (3) the final decision. The data also suggest that three fundamental issues emerge during the second stage: disclosing disabilities, employer attitudes, and accommodation. The analyses then highlight the strategies deployed by the participants to navigate through these issues. The discussion addresses the disclosure of disabilities as a coming-out, as well as the injunction to be extraordinary and the logic of self-compensation that weighs on people with disabilities. lun., 11 déc. 2023 12:02:18 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=145 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=153 Malgré les progrès réalisés en matière d’accès à l’emploi au Canada, de nombreux obstacles continuent de limiter les opportunités d’embauche des personnes ayant des incapacités. Parmi eux, les attitudes et les pratiques des employeurs constituent une barrière redoutable, largement documentée selon la perspective des employeurs eux-mêmes (Burke et al., 2013). À contre-pied, cette étude se concentre sur les vécus des personnes ayant des incapacités afin d’explorer leur trajectoire à travers le processus d’embauche. En particulier, cette recherche vise à saisir les défis qu’elles rencontrent à la suite d’une postulation et à identifier la manière dont elles composent avec ceux-ci. Les entrevues menées auprès de 22 Néo-Brunswickois-es permettent ainsi de distinguer les étapes du processus d’embauche, soit : (1) la présélection, (2) les entrevues/tests de recrutement et (3) la décision finale. Les données suggèrent également l’émergence, lors de la deuxième étape, de trois problématiques fondamentales : le dévoilement des incapacités, les attitudes des employeurs et les accommodements. Les analyses soulignent alors les stratégies déployées par les participant-es pour naviguer à travers ces enjeux. La discussion aborde le dévoilement des incapacités en tant que coming-out ainsi que l’injonction à l’extraordinarité et la logique d’auto-compensation qui pèsent sur les personnes ayant des incapacités. Apesar do progresso no acesso ao emprego no Canadá, muitas barreiras continuam a limitar as oportunidades de emprego para pessoas com deficiência. Entre elas, as atitudes e práticas dos empregadores são uma barreira difícil de ser transposta, amplamente documentada a partir da perspectiva dos próprios empregadores (Burke et al., 2013). Este estudo, por outro lado, se concentra em explorar as experiências de pessoas com deficiência em sua jornada no processo de recrutamento, e, mais especificamente, busca entender os desafios que elas enfrentam depois de se candidatarem a um emprego, identificando as maneiras pelas quais elas lidam com seu cotidiano de trabalho. Entrevistas com 22 pessoas de New Brunswick analisam os estágios do processo de contratação: (1) pré-seleção, (2) entrevistas/testes de seleção e (3) a decisão final. Os dados sugerem que três questões importantes surgem na segunda fase: revelação da deficiência, atitude do empregador e acomodação. Em seguida, as análises destacam as estratégias utilizadas pelos participantes para lidar com essas questões. A discussão aborda a revelação da deficiência como “sair do armário”, bem como a obrigatoriedade de ser extraordinário e a lógica da autocompensação que pesa sobre as pessoas com deficiência. Despite the progress made in terms of access to employment in Canada, many barriers continue to limit employment opportunities for people with disabilities. Among them, the attitudes and practices of employers constitute a formidable barrier, widely documented from the perspective of employers themselves (Burke et al., 2013). In contrast, this study focuses on the experiences of people with disabilities in order to explore their trajectory through the hiring process. In particular, this research aims to understand the challenges they face after applying for a job and to identify the ways in which they deal with them. Interviews with 22 New Brunswickers reveal the stages in the hiring process: (1) preselection, (2) interviews/recruitment tests, and (3) the final decision. The data also suggest that three fundamental issues emerge during the second stage: disclosing disabilities, employer attitudes, and accommodation. The analyses then highlight the strategies deployed by the participants to navigate through these issues. The discussion addresses the disclosure of disabilities as a coming-out, as well as the injunction to be extraordinary and the logic of self-compensation that weighs on people with disabilities. lun., 11 déc. 2023 12:04:19 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=153 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=154 Este artículo se sitúa en un centro de día de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Allí, recogí datos para mi tesis de maestría en antropología de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Indagué sobre la convivencia entre profesionales y personas con discapacidad intelectual, analizando sus fronteras, especialmente erótico-sexuales. Mediante los aportes sociológicos del Dr. Claudio Duarte Quapper sobre adultocentrismo, examiné cómo esta categoría interactúa con la discapacidad intelectual. Lo cual fue posible comprendiendo que el adultocentrismo esconde un sistema de dominio, que en una sociedad de pluridominio, se conjuga con otros regímenes: patriarcado, racismo, capacitismo, etc. Precisamente es el efecto de infantilización el que interesa aquí, pues, aunque la población estudiada se extiende de los 30 a los 75 años, situándose según la Ley Argentina N.º 26.579 en la mayoría de edad, vive sin la plena capacidad de obrar como adultos (en términos adultocéntricos): no eligen cómo vestir, tampoco se las suele dejar salir solas o tener parejas, etc. Así, se reconoce que tras la producción social de la discapacidad existe una construcción de la adultez que, como sistema universal simbólico de dominio, produce un lugar subalterno ocupado por las personas que no son consideradas adultas. Este artigo se passa em um Centro Dia na cidade de Córdoba, Argentina. Lá, coletei dados para minha tese de mestrado em Antropologia na Universidade Nacional de Córdoba. Investiguei a convivência entre profissionais e pessoas com deficiência intelectual, analisando seus limites, especialmente os erótico-sexuais. Por meio das contribuições sociológicas do Dr. Claudio Duarte Quapper sobre o adultocentrismo, examinei como essa categoria interage com a deficiência intelectual. Isso foi possível, ao entender que o adultocentrismo esconde um sistema de dominação que, em uma sociedade de pluridominância, é combinado com outros regimes: patriarcado, racismo, capacitismo etc. É exatamente o efeito de infantilização que interessa aqui. Pois, embora a população estudada tenha entre 30 e 75 anos de idade e, de acordo com a Lei argentina nº 26.579, tenha atingido a maioridade, eles vivem sem a plena capacidade de agir como adultos (em termos adultocêntricos): não escolhem como se vestir, não podem sair sozinhos ou ter parceiros, e assim por diante. Assim, reconhece-se que, por trás da produção social da deficiência, há uma construção da idade adulta que, como um sistema simbólico universal de dominação, produz um lugar subalterno ocupado por pessoas que não são consideradas adultas. The events described in this article took place in a day centre in the city of Córdoba, Argentina, where I collected data for my master's thesis in anthropology at the National University of Córdoba. I studied the coexistence between professionals and people with intellectual disabilities, analysing the limits imposed on them, particularly erotic-sexual limits. I examined how adultcentrism interacts with intellectual disability in the light of the work of sociologist Claudio Duarte Quapper. Anchored in a society where various forms of domination and control coexist, adultcentrism is a system of domination that combines with other oppressive regimes such as patriarchy, racism, and ableism. More specifically, it is the effect of infantilisation that interests us. Although the population studied is aged between 30 and 75, which is considered an adult according to Argentine law no. 26.579, these people do not have access to the same choices and freedoms as other adults: they do not choose how to dress, they are not allowed to go out alone or to have partners, and so on. So, it is clear that behind the social production of disability lies a construction of adulthood which, as a universal symbolic system of domination, produces a subaltern place, occupied by people who are not considered adults. lun., 11 déc. 2023 12:11:47 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=154 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=159 Este artículo propone discutir sobre las violencias de género que viven mujeres y niñas de pueblos indígenas-originarios en América Latina, así como las madres y cuidadoras de personas con discapacidad. Para ello, las autoras se basan en los registros de sus trabajos de campo, las experiencias vividas y reflexionadas como investigadoras sobre discapacidad en pueblos indígenas. El artículo explora situaciones de violencia basadas en el género y que pueden comprenderse como consecuencias de la colonialidad. Las mismas se expresan como: violencia política, problemas de acceso a servicios públicos, discriminación en instituciones, falta de accesibilidad, violencias ligadas a la situación socioeconómica y al racismo. Pero también recorre violencias que provienen de las relaciones internas dentro de los pueblos indígenas y que se expresan como violencia familiar, comunitaria o ligadas a los sistemas de creencias culturales de algunos pueblos. El artículo pretende develar la violencia de género que viven las mujeres y niñas indígenas en Abya Yala, y discutir su emergencia y configuración como un producto de la relación imbricada entre colonialidad, capacitismo y patriarcado. Finaliza planteando reflexiones para comprender la complicidad de estos sistemas estructurales y propone algunos desafíos para iniciar un camino hacia la eliminación de toda forma de violencia hacia mujeres y niñas indígenas con discapacidad en América Latina. Este artigo se propõe a discutir a violência de gênero vivenciada por mulheres e meninas indígenas com deficiência na América Latina, as quais são mães e cuidadoras de pessoas com deficiência. Para isso, as autoras recorrem aos registros de seu trabalho de campo e às experiências vividas e refletidas como pesquisadoras sobre a deficiência em povos indígenas. O artigo explora situações de violência baseadas no gênero e que podem ser entendidas como consequências do colonialismo, as quais se expressam como violência política, problemas de acesso aos serviços públicos, discriminação nas instituições, falta de acessibilidade, violência ligada à situação socioeconômica e ao racismo. Além disso, também abrange a violência que vem das relações internas dos povos indígenas e que se expressa como violência familiar ou comunitária ou vinculada aos sistemas de crenças culturais de alguns povos. O artigo tem como objetivo revelar a violência de gênero vivenciada por mulheres e meninas indígenas em Abya Yala, e discutir sua emergência e configuração como produto da relação entrelaçada entre colonialismo, capacitismo e patriarcado. Finaliza propondo reflexões para compreender a cumplicidade desses sistemas estruturais e propõe alguns desafios para iniciar um caminho rumo à eliminação de todas as formas de violência contra mulheres e meninas indígenas com deficiência na América Latina. This article examines the gender-based violence experienced by women and girls from indigenous-origin peoples in Latin America, as well as by mothers and other carers of people with disabilities. To do so, the authors draw on their fieldwork, real-life experiences, and reflections as researchers in the field of disability among indigenous peoples. The article explores situations of gender-based violence that can be seen as consequences of colonisation. These situations manifest themselves in the form of political violence, problems of access to public services, discrimination in institutions, lack of accessibility, violence linked to socio-economic status, and as racism. This work also explores the violence that arises from internal relations within indigenous peoples, taking the form of family violence, community violence or violence linked to the cultural belief systems of certain peoples. The article aims to reveal the gender-based violence experienced by indigenous women and girls in Abya Yala, and to discuss its emergence and configuration as a product of the relationship between coloniality, empowerment, and patriarchy. It concludes with reflections aimed at understanding the complicity of these structural systems, and proposes some challenges that need to be addressed in order to move towards the elimination of all forms of violence against indigenous women and girls with disabilities in Latin America. lun., 11 déc. 2023 12:12:51 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=159 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=170 Este texto discute as concepções normativas do autismo como déficit e como ausência de humanidade acompanhando os questionamentos propostos por Mel Baggs, ativista autista estadunidense, em vídeos compartilhados em rede social pública. Aliando sua produção a um referencial feminista, queer e dos estudos críticos da deficiência, começamos investigando as relações entre as tecnologias do gênero, da raça e da sexualidade com os transtornos mentais, passando pela conexão entre o diagnóstico de autismo e o capitalismo contemporâneo. Damos destaque a uma descrição crítica da racionalidade masculina, que traça os limites dentro dos quais o indivíduo moderno é engendrado como ideal regulatório na teleologia normativa das teorias psicológicas do desenvolvimento e materializado pelas instituições disciplinares, enfatizando suas reverberações nos discursos e práticas em torno do autismo. Percorremos as controvérsias a respeito da independência na articulação entre as tecnologias da escrita e as pessoas autistas, contrapondo-a à noção de interdependência elaborada pelos estudos críticos da deficiência. Em conclusão, buscamos fazer ouvir afirmativas contra-hegemônicas da percepção autista, retornando principalmente ao trabalho político de Mel Baggs para ressaltar a subversão do movimento da neurodiversidade no interior das categorias médicas e psicológicas que desumanizam o autismo. This text discusses normative conceptions that see autism as a deficit and absence of humanity, starting from questions posed by Mel Baggs, an American autistic activist, in videos shared on social networks. By intersecting her work with feminist, queer, and critical disability studies, we first analyse the relationships between technologies of gender, race, and sexuality with mental disorders, as well as the link between the diagnosis of autism and contemporary capitalism. We highlight a critical description of masculine rationality, tracing the limits within which the modern individual is conceived as a regulative ideal in the normative teleology of developmental psychological theories and materialised by disciplinary institutions, highlighting its repercussions in the discourses and practices around autism. We review the controversies concerning independence in the articulation between writing technologies and autistic people, contrasting them with the notion of interdependence developed by critical disability studies. In conclusion, we seek to give voice to the counter-hegemonic claims of autistic perception, based on the political work of Mel Baggs, in order to highlight the subversive aspect of the neurodiversity movement within the medical and psychological categories that dehumanise autism. Este texto discute las concepciones normativas del autismo como déficit y como ausencia de humanidad, siguiendo los aportes propuestos por Mel Baggs, activista autista estadounidense, en vídeos compartidos en una red social pública. Combinando su trabajo con un marco feminista, queer y de estudios críticos sobre discapacidad, comenzamos investigando la relación entre las tecnologías de género, raza y sexualidad y los trastornos mentales, y la conexión entre el diagnóstico de autismo y el capitalismo contemporáneo. Destacamos una descripción crítica de la racionalidad masculina, que rastrea los límites dentro de los cuales el individuo moderno es engendrado como ideal regulador en la teleología normativa de las teorías psicológicas del desarrollo y materializado por las instituciones disciplinarias, haciendo hincapié en sus ecos en los discursos y prácticas en torno al autismo. Recorremos las controversias en torno a la independencia en la articulación entre las tecnologías de la escritura y los autistas, contrastándola con la noción de interdependencia elaborada por los estudios críticos de la discapacidad. En conclusión, buscamos hacer oír afirmaciones contrahegemónicas de la percepción autista, retomando principalmente el trabajo político de Mel Baggs para destacar la subversión del movimiento de la neurodiversidad dentro de las categorías médicas y psicológicas que deshumanizan el autismo. lun., 11 déc. 2023 12:16:55 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=170 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=179 O presente artigo visa analisar a relação entre Dança Afrobrasileira e deficiência, a partir da proposta artístico-educativa “Dança de Rainhas: dança afro e deficiência”, promovida, em 2019, na Escola de Dança da Universidade Federal da Bahia. Este acontecimento promoveu modos de repensar processos artístico-educativos que colaborem para novas perspectivas no campo da Dança, destituindo lógicas excludentes e opressoras em relação às pessoas com deficiência, em prol e na construção de danças que neguem a supremacia da verticalidade e virtuose presentes em outras de concepção eurocentrada. Tais danças infringem, historicamente, opressões também à comunidade negra, que tende a interiorizar e adaptar às suas concepções artísticas, modos de organização que fogem àqueles próprios da cultura africana, aqui, reelaborados. Assim, chamamos atenção para a exclusão da pessoa negra com deficiência na construção de danças brasileiras afrorreferenciadas. Elegemos Mercedes Baptista e Josy Brasil, mulheres negras, de inegável representatividade, que experienciaram em seus corpos e trajetórias artísticas, respectivamente, a violência do racismo e do capacitismo. Os resultados da pesquisa reconhecem as incoerências que nós, docentes e artistas, historicamente cometemos, tendo como pautas o modelo de danças afetadas pelo patriarcado branco, hétero, cis e bípede, que desconhece a riqueza e beleza da diversidade. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la relación entre la danza afrobrasileña y la discapacidad, a partir de la propuesta artístico-educativa "Danza de las Reinas: Afrodanza y discapacidad", promovida en 2019 en la Escuela de Danza de la Universidad Federal de Bahía. Este evento promovió formas de repensar ciertos procesos artístico-educativos que contribuyen a nuevas perspectivas en el campo de la danza, eliminando lógicas excluyentes y opresivas en relación a las personas con discapacidad y favoreciendo la construcción de danzas que nieguen la supremacía de la verticalidad y el virtuosismo presentes en otras danzas eurocéntricas. Históricamente, tales danzas también han infringido la opresión de la comunidad negra, que tiende a interiorizar y adaptar a sus propias concepciones artísticas modos de organización diferentes de los de la cultura africana, que aquí son reelaborados. Por lo tanto, destacamos la exclusión de las personas negras con discapacidad en la construcción de las danzas brasileñas afro-referenciadas. Elegimos a Mercedes Baptista y Josy Brasil, mujeres negras de innegable representatividad, que experimentaron la violencia del racismo y del capacitismo en sus cuerpos y trayectorias artísticas, respectivamente. Los resultados de la investigación reconocen las incoherencias que históricamente hemos cometido como profesoras y artistas, tomando como guía el modelo de danzas afectadas por el patriarcado blanco, hetero, cis y bípede, que ignora la riqueza y la belleza de la diversidad. This article aims to analyse the relationship between Afro-Brazilian dance and disability based on the artistic-educational proposal “Dance of the Queens: Afro dance and disability,” a workshop held in 2019 at the School of Dance of the Federal University of Bahia. The event provided an opportunity to rethink the artistic-educational processes that contribute to new perspectives in the field of dance. It eliminated the logic of exclusion and oppression of people with disabilities by and through the construction of dances that deny the supremacy of verticality and virtuosity present in other dances of Eurocentric conception. These dances have also historically overturned the oppression of the black community, which tends to internalise and adapt modes of organisation different from those of African culture to its own artistic conceptions, reworked here. We therefore draw attention to the exclusion of disabled black people in the construction of Afrocentric Brazilian dances. We have chosen Mercedes Baptista and Josy Brasil, black women of undeniable representativeness who have experienced the violence of racism in their bodies and the violence of ableism in their artistic careers. The results of the research recognise the historical inconsistencies of teachers and artists who have taken as their guideline the model of dances configured by the white, hetero, cis, and bipedal patriarchy, which ignores the richness and beauty of diversity. lun., 11 déc. 2023 12:18:32 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=179 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=192 Cet article examine la violence de genre vécue par les femmes et les filles des peuples indigènes-originaires en Amérique latine, ainsi que par les mères et autres personnes aidantes des personnes handicapées. Pour ce faire, les auteures s’appuient sur leurs travaux de terrain, leurs expériences vécues et leurs réflexions en tant que chercheures dans le champ du handicap chez les peuples autochtones. L’article explore les situations de violence fondée sur le genre qui peuvent être considérées comme des conséquences de la colonisation. Ces situations se manifestent sous la forme de violences politiques, de problèmes d’accès aux services publics, de la discrimination dans les institutions, du manque d’accessibilité, comme violence liée au statut socio-économique et comme racisme. Ce travail explore également la violence qui découle des relations internes au sein des peuples autochtones, prenant la forme de violence familiale, de violence communautaire ou de violence liée aux systèmes des croyances culturelles de certains peuples. L’article vise à révéler la violence de genre subie par les femmes et les filles autochtones à Abya Yala, et à discuter de son émergence et de sa configuration en tant que produit de la relation entre colonialité, autonomisation et patriarcat. Il se termine par des réflexions visant à comprendre la complicité de ces systèmes structurels et propose quelques défis à relever pour s’engager sur la voie de l’élimination de toutes les formes de violence à l’encontre des femmes et des filles autochtones handicapées en Amérique latine. This article examines the gender-based violence experienced by women and girls from indigenous-origin peoples in Latin America, as well as by mothers and other carers of people with disabilities. To do so, the authors draw on their fieldwork, real-life experiences, and reflections as researchers in the field of disability among indigenous peoples. The article explores situations of gender-based violence that can be seen as consequences of colonisation. These situations manifest themselves in the form of political violence, problems of access to public services, discrimination in institutions, lack of accessibility, violence linked to socio-economic status, and as racism. This work also explores the violence that arises from internal relations within indigenous peoples, taking the form of family violence, community violence or violence linked to the cultural belief systems of certain peoples. The article aims to reveal the gender-based violence experienced by indigenous women and girls in Abya Yala, and to discuss its emergence and configuration as a product of the relationship between coloniality, empowerment, and patriarchy. It concludes with reflections aimed at understanding the complicity of these structural systems, and proposes some challenges that need to be addressed in order to move towards the elimination of all forms of violence against indigenous women and girls with disabilities in Latin America. mar., 12 déc. 2023 17:30:57 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=192 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=203 Este artigo aborda a temática da deficiência no contexto da Terra Indígena Xakriabá (TIX), situada no norte do estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil), e visa discutir como as práticas de circulação do conhecimento presentes nesse povo podem ser lidas a partir da noção de performance, proposta pela Teoria Ator-Rede (TAR). Para tanto, são apresentados dados gerais sobre a população indígena brasileira e, em específico, sobre o povo Xakriabá. Em seguida, são focalizadas pesquisas acadêmicas que discutem a questão dos corpos com deficiência nos povos originários brasileiros, bem como elementos relacionados à Educação Escolar Indígena no contexto da TIX. Os aportes teóricos da TAR permitiram a construção metodológica do trabalho, bem como a formulação de uma análise sobre a realização de uma Oficina de formação de professores, quando a participação de um jovem Xakriabá, diagnosticado como uma pessoa com deficiência intelectual, inverteu as posições de guia e guiado, marcando a emergência de um corpo performado. A TAR permitiu, ainda, indicar a presença de categorias espontâneas, que evidenciam percepções específicas dos indígenas sobre os corpos com e sem deficiência. Este artículo aborda la cuestión de la discapacidad en el contexto de la Tierra Indígena Xakriabá (TIX), localizada en el norte del estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil), y tiene como objetivo discutir cómo las prácticas de circulación de conocimiento presentes en este pueblo pueden ser leídas desde el punto de vista de la performance, como propone la Teoría del Actor-Red (TAR). Para ello, se presentan datos generales sobre la población indígena brasileña y, específicamente, sobre el pueblo Xakriabá. A continuación, se abordan investigaciones académicas que discuten la cuestión de los cuerpos discapacitados en los pueblos indígenas brasileños, así como elementos relacionados con la Educación Escolar Indígena en el contexto de la TIX. Los aportes teóricos de la TAR permitieron la construcción metodológica del trabajo, así como la formulación de un análisis de un taller de formación de profesores, cuando la participación de un joven Xakriabá, diagnosticado como discapacitado intelectual, invirtió las posiciones de guía y guiado, marcando la emergencia de un cuerpo actuado. La TAR también permitió señalar la presencia de categorías espontáneas, que muestran las percepciones específicas de los indígenas sobre los cuerpos con y sin discapacidad. This article addresses the issue of disability in the context of the Xakriabá Indigenous Land (TIX), located in the north of the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil). This article proposes a reflection on how the practices of knowledge circulation present in this people can be interpreted from the point of view of performance, as proposed by the actor-network theory (ANT). To this end, we present general data on the Brazilian indigenous population and, more specifically, on the Xakriabá people. Next, the focus is on academic research that addresses the issue of bodies with disabilities among Brazil's indigenous peoples, as well as on elements related to indigenous school education in the context of TIX. The theoretical contributions of ANT enabled us to construct the methodological approach of this work, as well as to proceed with the analysis of a teacher training workshop, where the participation of a young Xakriabá, diagnosed as having an intellectual disability, reversed the positions of the guide and the guided, marking the emergence of a performed body. ANT also enabled us to identify the presence of spontaneous categories, which reflect the specific perceptions of indigenous people with regard to bodies with and without disabilities. lun., 18 déc. 2023 14:19:39 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=203 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=218 Nos últimos anos, as ciências sociais consolidaram uma compreensão da deficiência, superando o determinismo biomédico, ao explicá-la como construção social surgida da relação entre corpo e os ambientes. Deu-se no campo dos estudos da deficiência (disability studies), no paradigma denominado modelo social, cuja concepção central defende que o ordenamento capitalista impõe barreiras à diversidade corporal. Antes do modelo social, o pensamento sociológico de Erving Goffman contribuiu com elaborações seminais sobre interação e corpo em situações sociais cotidianas. Proponho que a teoria de Goffman, embora clássica e necessária de alguns ajustes aos pressupostos críticos do modelo social, favorece sobretudo uma avaliação da deficiência na perspectiva orientada pela ordem da interação. Utilizo-me do método do enquadramento ou análise de quadros (frame analysis), a partir da experiência enquanto profissional que avalia a deficiência e pesquisa os estudos críticos da deficiência, e busco investigar o potencial de uso da teoria goffmaniana para caracterizar a deficiência na perspectiva biopsicossocial. Analisei criticamente os conceitos de interação face a face, fachada, copresença, expressão corporal, envolvimento, estigmatização e impropriedade situacional que, conjuntamente, podem fornecer um arsenal analítico a profissionais para analisarem a relação dinâmica entre corpos, diferenças e contextos no ato avaliativo, em diálogo com o modelo social. En los últimos años, las ciencias sociales han consolidado una comprensión de la discapacidad que supera el determinismo biomédico al explicarla como una construcción social que surge de la relación entre el cuerpo y los entornos. Esto ha tenido lugar en el campo de los estudios sobre discapacidad, dentro del paradigma conocido como modelo social, cuya concepción central sostiene que el orden capitalista impone barreras a la diversidad corporal. Antes del modelo social, el pensamiento sociológico de Erving Goffman aportó elaboraciones fundamentales sobre la interacción y el cuerpo en situaciones sociales cotidianas. En este trabajo sostengo que la teoría de Goffman, aunque clásica y necesitada de algunos ajustes a los supuestos críticos del modelo social, propicia especialmente una evaluación de la discapacidad desde la perspectiva de la interacción. Utilizo el método del análisis de marcos, basado en mi experiencia como profesional que evalúa la discapacidad e investiga los estudios críticos sobre discapacidad, e intento investigar el potencial de utilizar la teoría goffmaniana para caracterizar la discapacidad desde una perspectiva biopsicosocial. Analicé críticamente los conceptos de interacción cara a cara, fachada, copresencia, expresión corporal, implicación, estigmatización e impropiedad situacional, que juntos pueden proporcionar un arsenal analítico para que los profesionales analicen la relación dinámica entre cuerpos, diferencias y contextos en el acto evaluativo, en diálogo con el modelo social. In recent years, the social sciences have perfected their understanding of disability by going beyond biomedical determinism to explain it as a social construct arising from the relationship between the body and its environment. This has happened in the field of disability studies, within the paradigm known as the social model, whose central conception holds that the capitalist order imposes barriers to bodily diversity. Prior to the social model, the sociological thought of Erving Goffman contributed to thinking about interaction and the body in everyday social situations. I consider that Goffman's theory, although classic and requiring some adjustments to the critical assumptions of the social model, favours above all an assessment of disability from the point of view of interaction. I use the method of framing or frame analysis, based on my experience as a professional in disability assessment and research into critical disability studies, and I try to explore the possibility of using Goffman's theory to characterise disability from a biopsychosocial point of view. I critically analyse the concepts of face-to-face interaction, façade, co-presence, bodily expression, involvement, stigmatization, and situational inappropriateness, which together can provide an analytical arsenal for professionals to analyse the dynamic relationship between bodies, differences, and contexts in the act of assessment, in dialogue with the social model. mar., 19 déc. 2023 10:26:07 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=218 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=236 Cet article aborde la question du handicap dans le contexte de la Terre Autochtone Xakriabá (TIX), située dans le nord de l’État du Minas Gerais (Brésil). Cet article propose une réflexion concernant la manière dont les pratiques de circulation des connaissances présentes dans ce peuple peuvent être interprétées du point de vue de la performance, comme le propose la théorie de l’acteur-réseau (TAR). À cette fin, nous présentons des données générales sur la population autochtone brésilienne et, plus particulièrement, sur le peuple Xakriabá. Ensuite, l’accent est mis sur la recherche académique qui aborde la question des corps handicapés au sein des peuples autochtones du Brésil, ainsi que sur les éléments liés à l’éducation scolaire indigène dans le contexte de la TIX. Les apports théoriques de la TAR nous ont permis de construire l’approche méthodologique de ce travail, tout comme de procéder à l’analyse d’un atelier de formation d’enseignants, où la participation d’un jeune Xakriabá, diagnostiqué comme ayant une déficience intellectuelle, a inversé les positions de guide et de guidé, marquant l’émergence d’un corps performé. La TAR nous a également permis de repérer la présence de catégories spontanées, qui témoignent des perceptions spécifiques des autochtones à l’égard des corps avec et sans handicap. This article addresses the issue of disability in the context of the Xakriabá Indigenous Land (TIX), located in the north of the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil). This article proposes a reflection on how the practices of knowledge circulation present in this people can be interpreted from the point of view of performance, as proposed by the actor-network theory (ANT). To this end, we present general data on the Brazilian indigenous population and, more specifically, on the Xakriabá people. Next, the focus is on academic research that addresses the issue of bodies with disabilities among Brazil's indigenous peoples, as well as on elements related to indigenous school education in the context of TIX. The theoretical contributions of ANT enabled us to construct the methodological approach of this work, as well as to proceed with the analysis of a teacher training workshop, where the participation of a young Xakriabá, diagnosed as having an intellectual disability, reversed the positions of the guide and the guided, marking the emergence of a performed body. ANT also enabled us to identify the presence of spontaneous categories, which reflect the specific perceptions of indigenous people with regard to bodies with and without disabilities. mar., 19 déc. 2023 21:51:31 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=236 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=266 mer., 20 déc. 2023 23:19:54 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=266 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=292 Ces dernières années, les sciences sociales ont perfectionné la compréhension du handicap en dépassant le déterminisme biomédical, pour l’expliquer comme une construction sociale découlant de la relation entre le corps et son environnement. Cela s’est produit dans le domaine des études sur le handicap (disability studies), dans le cadre du paradigme connu sous le nom de modèle social, dont la conception centrale soutient que l’ordre capitaliste impose des barrières à la diversité corporelle. Avant le modèle social, la pensée sociologique d’Erving Goffman a contribué à la réflexion sur l’interaction et le corps dans les situations sociales quotidiennes. Je considère que la théorie de Goffman, bien que classique et nécessitant quelques ajustements aux hypothèses critiques du modèle social, favorise avant tout une évaluation du handicap du point de vue de l’interaction. J’utilise la méthode du cadrage ou de l’analyse du cadre (frame analysis), basée sur mon expérience en tant que professionnel de l’évaluation du handicap et de la recherche sur les études critiques du handicap, et j’essaie d’étudier la possibilité d’utiliser la théorie de Goffman pour caractériser le handicap d’un point de vue biopsychosocial. J’analyse de manière critique les concepts d’interaction en face à face, de façade, de coprésence, d’expression corporelle, d’implication, de stigmatisation et d’impropriété situationnelle, qui, ensemble, peuvent fournir un arsenal analytique aux professionnels pour analyser la relation dynamique entre les corps, les différences et les contextes dans l’acte d’évaluation, en dialogue avec le modèle social. In recent years, the social sciences have perfected their understanding of disability by going beyond biomedical determinism to explain it as a social construct arising from the relationship between the body and its environment. This has happened in the field of disability studies, within the paradigm known as the social model, whose central conception holds that the capitalist order imposes barriers to bodily diversity. Prior to the social model, the sociological thought of Erving Goffman contributed to thinking about interaction and the body in everyday social situations. I consider that Goffman's theory, although classic and requiring some adjustments to the critical assumptions of the social model, favours above all an assessment of disability from the point of view of interaction. I use the method of framing or frame analysis, based on my experience as a professional in disability assessment and research into critical disability studies, and I try to explore the possibility of using Goffman's theory to characterise disability from a biopsychosocial point of view. I critically analyse the concepts of face-to-face interaction, façade, co-presence, bodily expression, involvement, stigmatization, and situational inappropriateness, which together can provide an analytical arsenal for professionals to analyse the dynamic relationship between bodies, differences, and contexts in the act of assessment, in dialogue with the social model. mar., 09 janv. 2024 13:35:08 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=292 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=299 Ce texte discute des conceptions normatives qui voient l’autisme comme déficit et absence d’humanité en partant des questions posées par Mel Baggs, un‧e militant‧e autiste étasunien‧ne, dans des vidéos partagées sur les réseaux sociaux. En croisant son travail avec des travaux féministes, queer et des études critiques sur le handicap, nous analysons tout d’abord les relations entre les technologies du genre, de la race et de la sexualité avec les troubles mentaux, ainsi que le lien entre le diagnostic de l’autisme et le capitalisme contemporain. Nous mettons en évidence une description critique de la rationalité masculine, qui retrace les limites dans lesquelles l’individu moderne est conçu comme idéal régulateur dans la téléologie normative des théories psychologiques du développement et matérialisé par les institutions disciplinaires, en soulignant ses répercussions dans les discours et les pratiques autour de l’autisme. Nous passons en revue les controverses concernant l’indépendance dans l’articulation entre les technologies de l’écriture et les personnes autistes, en les opposant à la notion d’interdépendance élaborée par les études critiques sur le handicap. En conclusion, nous cherchons à faire entendre les affirmations contre-hégémoniques de la perception autistique, sur la base du travail politique de Mel Baggs, pour souligner l’aspect subversif du mouvement de la neurodiversité au sein des catégories médicales et psychologiques qui déshumanisent l’autisme. This text discusses normative conceptions that see autism as a deficit and absence of humanity, starting from questions posed by Mel Baggs, an American autistic activist, in videos shared on social networks. By intersecting her work with feminist, queer, and critical disability studies, we first analyse the relationships between technologies of gender, race, and sexuality with mental disorders, as well as the link between the diagnosis of autism and contemporary capitalism. We highlight a critical description of masculine rationality, tracing the limits within which the modern individual is conceived as a regulative ideal in the normative teleology of developmental psychological theories and materialised by disciplinary institutions, highlighting its repercussions in the discourses and practices around autism. We review the controversies concerning independence in the articulation between writing technologies and autistic people, contrasting them with the notion of interdependence developed by critical disability studies. In conclusion, we seek to give voice to the counter-hegemonic claims of autistic perception, based on the political work of Mel Baggs, in order to highlight the subversive aspect of the neurodiversity movement within the medical and psychological categories that dehumanise autism. mar., 09 janv. 2024 13:48:00 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=299 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=300 Cet article vise à analyser la relation entre la danse afro-brésilienne et le handicap à partir de la proposition artistico-éducative « Danse des Reines : danse afro et handicap », un atelier organisé en 2019 à l’École de danse de l’Université fédérale de Bahia. L’événement a permis de repenser les processus artistico-éducatifs qui contribuent à de nouvelles perspectives dans le domaine de la danse. Il a supprimé les logiques d’exclusion et d’oppression des personnes handicapées grâce à et par le biais de la construction de danses qui nient la suprématie de la verticalité et de la virtuosité présentes dans d’autres danses, de conception eurocentrique. Ces danses ont aussi renversé historiquement les oppressions de la communauté noire, qui tend à intérioriser et à adapter à ses propres conceptions artistiques des modes d’organisation différents de ceux de la culture africaine, retravaillés ici. Nous attirons donc l’attention sur l’exclusion des personnes noires handicapées dans la construction des danses brésiliennes afro-centrées. Nous avons choisi Mercedes Baptista et Josy Brasil, des femmes noires à la représentativité indéniable, qui ont vécu la violence du racisme dans leur corps et celle du capacitisme dans leur trajectoire artistique. Les résultats de la recherche reconnaissent les incohérences historiques des enseignants et artistes ayant pris comme ligne directrice le modèle des danses configurées par le patriarcat blanc, hétéro, cis et bipède, qui ignore la richesse et la beauté de la diversité. This article aims to analyse the relationship between Afro-Brazilian dance and disability based on the artistic-educational proposal “Dance of the Queens: Afro dance and disability,” a workshop held in 2019 at the School of Dance of the Federal University of Bahia. The event provided an opportunity to rethink the artistic-educational processes that contribute to new perspectives in the field of dance. It eliminated the logic of exclusion and oppression of people with disabilities by and through the construction of dances that deny the supremacy of verticality and virtuosity present in other dances of Eurocentric conception. These dances have also historically overturned the oppression of the black community, which tends to internalise and adapt modes of organisation different from those of African culture to its own artistic conceptions, reworked here. We therefore draw attention to the exclusion of disabled black people in the construction of Afrocentric Brazilian dances. We have chosen Mercedes Baptista and Josy Brasil, black women of undeniable representativeness who have experienced the violence of racism in their bodies and the violence of ableism in their artistic careers. The results of the research recognise the historical inconsistencies of teachers and artists who have taken as their guideline the model of dances configured by the white, hetero, cis, and bipedal patriarchy, which ignores the richness and beauty of diversity. mar., 09 janv. 2024 13:51:31 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=300 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=309 ven., 12 janv. 2024 16:17:32 +0100 https://lodelpreprod.univ-rennes2.fr/cfla/index.php?id=309